Pdf analysis of kinematic viscosity for liquids by. In this science worksheet, your child learns about the relative viscosity of everyday liquids. Heres a fun experiment you can try using the contents of your kitchen cupboard. The effect of pressure and temperature on the viscosity of gases is illustrated in fig. Liquids can be described by their properties of color, texture and viscosity.
Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear stress or tensile stress. This book provides an understanding of why various methods are used for measuring. Kinematic viscosity is the dynamic viscosity divided by the density typical units m2s, stokes, st. However, different liquids do exhibit different viscosities, and macromolecules are on the highviscosity end of the spectrum. Greek letter eta is normally given in millipascalseconds mpas and is usually determined by using a rotary viscometer. Viscosity, resistance of a fluid liquid or gas to a change in shape, or movement of neighbouring portions relative to one another.
Properties of liquids worksheet the homeschool scientist. The viscosity of a liquid is another term for the thickness of a liquid. The vi scosity shear viscosity of a newtonian liquid is normally measured by a relati ve technique in an instrument calibrated using a liquid of known viscosity. Viscosity races investigating the flow of liquids experiment. Viscosity of liquids victoria kulczak lab partners. I used golden syrup, dishwashing liquid, water, alcohol and vegetable oil. Viscosity tells us the resistance of a fluid on which a force is acting.
It is defined as the internal frictional resistance of a liquid to the application of a pressure or a shearing stress. Viscosity describes a fluids internal resistance to flow and may be thought of as. Oct 09, 20 weve done viscosity experiments before by letting the liquids flow down an inclined board. Viscosity of liquids theory, estimation, experiment, and data. The viscosity effect can be observed through in laminar couette flow. Dec 03, 2017 viscosity races investigating the flow of liquids experiment how to test viscosity of liquids what you need ketchup, mustard, molasses, corn syrup, and spaghetti sauce, honey, bbq or any other. Highly viscous liquids, like motor oil or molasses, take much longer to flow from their container than a relatively low viscosity liquid, like benzene or diethyl ether. Sep 20, 2019 gather the necessary materials for the experiment. The objective of this experiment is to demonstrate the principles of poiseuilles law and stokes law, to directly measure the viscosity and density of selected liquids, as well as to show how temperature affects the viscosity of fluids.
In this viscosity experiment we attempt to refine the procedure by comparing fluids by dropping a marble through them. Pdf analysis of kinematic viscosity for liquids by varying. Gt viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear stress or tensile stress. In this experiment, the viscosity of various liquids are compared. The viscosity of liquids ubc open collections university of. This easy viscosity experiment looks at different liquids from around the house and compares them to each other. Ethyl ether 0,23 water 1,0087 olive oil 107,5 glycerol 1500 honey 0 tar 00 printing inks 0000 the dynamic viscosity describes the flow behavior of liquids. Simple viscosity experiment for kids little bins for. Going on to fluids, well give the definition of the coefficient of viscosity for liquids and gases. In fact, liquids do not really exhibit the noviscosity case outlined above, because the molecules do interact with each other. A weight, w, is used to drive a rotor that is partially submerged in a sample of liquid.
Although it is one of its kinds in the field, prof. Since this was planned as an experiment to assess systematic errors rather. The experiment is designed to yield reliable viscosity values by. All liquids appear resistance to flow change from liquid to another, the water faster flow than glycerin, subsequently the viscosity of water less than glycerin at same temperature. Dynamic viscosity, also absolute viscosity, the more usual one typical units pas, poise, p. Drop one marble at a time and observe what happens to the marble when it enters the liquid. As is well known, the viscosity of gases and its variation with temperature has received a satisfactory explanation on the basis of molecular theory. This experiment has many steps, but when followed correctly, they will allow you to calculate the viscosity of any liquid. A good survey of the viscosity data, its critical evaluation and correlation would help design engineers, scientists and technologists in their areas of interest. In the metric system, the unit of viscosity is the poise 1 p 1 g cm1 s1, which is subdivided to 100 centipoise cp.
Nov 05, 20 liquids can be described by their properties of color, texture and viscosity. The accuracy of measurements of viscosity of liquids nvlpubsnist. Viscosity stokes law viscosity is a property of uids liquids and gases which determines how much resistance is experienced by an object trying to move through the uid. The liquid viscosity is highly affected by the heat. Viscosity is not a phenomenon limited to macromolecules. Texture liquids can feel sticky, gooey, slippery, or watery to the touch. Two different methods were employed, the first measures time of flow of several methanolwater solutions, from point a to.
In everyday terms and for fluids only, viscosity is thickness. For this experiment, we are going to test how marbles behave differently based on the type of liquid they are dropped into. Watch the detailed viscosity of liquids science experiment step by step instructions video. Viscosity is the single most important physical property governing the production, transport and eruption of magmas papale, 1999, sparks, 2004, dingwell, 2006. Thus, water is thin, having a lower viscosity, while honey is thick, having a higher viscosity. Have a viscosity race, using different liquids down a board. Experiment 1 viscosity measurement purpose the purpose of this experiment is to measure the viscosity of a glycerinwater mixture with a thomasstormer viscometer. The amount of liquid and the size of the marbles can effect the timing of the experiment as the heavier the marble is, the faster the time will be. This is also a great opportunity to practice drawing and using tables, as well as making predictions beforehand.
Experimental equipment to develop teaching of the concept viscosity. Another method of measuring the viscosity of a fluid is the rotating viscometer. Simple viscosity experiment for kids little bins for little. Skills guided inquiry, interpreting data, observational skills, properties of liquids, reading tables, science experiment to try, viscosity. Using a photogated digital time interval measuring clock, acrylic spheres dropped in a vertical tube filled with castor oil such that they move through the oil under gravity, the viscosity of the oil is determined by applying the stokes law. Natarajan data book on the viscosity of liquids in 1989 which mainly presented collected and evaluated liquid viscosity data from the literature.
In the mks system the unit of viscosity is nsm2 whereas in the cgs system the unit of viscosity is the poise 1 poise 1dyneseccm2. To calculate viscosity of a liquid, you will need a sphere, a graduated cylinder, a ruler, a stopwatch, the liquid in question, a scale, and a calculator. The viscosity decreases with an increase in temperature. Prediction of ionic liquids viscosity at variable temperatures and pressures. To demonstrate the principles of poiseuilles law and stokes law. For fluids, it basically refers to how thick a fluid is. In this experiment, a rectangular portion of a fluid i. The goal of this experiment was to determine the viscosity of given liquids. Ce 320a lab 1 11 lab experiment 1 viscosity of liquids objectives. Most liquids suffer the exponential relationship seeton, 2006 between temperature and viscosity rather than linear form fig.
Apr 23, 2012 viscosity races making science fun for kids says. Among the properties of liquids the viscosity is probably the one the investigation of which has suffered most from lack of any accepted theory, however crude and approximate, to guide it. The reciprocal of the viscosity is called the fluidity, a measure of the ease of flow. Temperature and pressure dependence of the viscosity of.
Handbooks commonly quote viscosity in centipoise 1 cp 0. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the viscosity with varying temperature of the liquids. The concept of viscosity is wellknown in everyday experience, liquids with low viscosity such as water are said to be thin, on the other hand. Of all the fundamental properties of a fluid, viscosity has the most influence on engineering behavior. Nicole gonzalezsitja introduction the objective of this experiment is to demonstrate the principles of poiseuilles law and stokes law, to directly measure the viscosity and density of selected liquids, as well as to show how temperature affects the viscosity of fluids. The modified expression for high viscous liquids with the correction is as follows. Most of the refrigerants have a liquid phase dynamic viscosity below 1 cp and the refrigerant under consideration in the present study r718 has a dynamic viscosity of 0.
One may ask the question of what is actually going on in the liquids to make one. For comparison, the viscosity of water is approximately 1 mpas. Determination of the kinematic viscosity by the liquid rise in. Capillary method, using capillary viscometer and flow cup. Small metallic spheres are dropped in to the liquid from the top. Theory, estimation, experiment, and data by dabir s. A group contribution method to estimate the viscosity of ionic liquids at different temperatures. Viscosity is a property of a liquid and is defined as the resistance of a liquid to flow. We can see and feel the viscosity of a liquid when we watch it flow or try to stir it. Temperaturedependent density and viscosity of the ionic liquids 1alkyl3methylimidazolium iodides. The viscosity of liquid is a resistance to flow of a liquid. The common practice is to calibrate viscometers by a stepup technique, using a series of instruments and test fluids, based on the viscosity of water. Molasses, for example, has a greater viscosity than water.
The word viscous comes from the latin word viscum, meaning sticky. Viscosity of liquids theory, estimation, experiment, and. In this experiment we will use stokes law and the concept of terminal velocity to determine the viscosity of glycerin. Theory, estimation, experiment, and data on free shipping on qualified orders. The dimensions of viscosity are force per unit area divided by velocity gradient as in eq. Explore the effects of different densities and learn about refraction, viscosity and the planet jupiter. Greek letter eta is normally given in millipascalseconds mpas and. After falling su ciently the spheres acquire terminal velocity. Viscosity is a tensorial quantity that can be decomposed in different ways into two independent components.
The dynamic viscosity describes the flow behavior of liquids. D s viswanath brings together viscosity data, experimental methods, theoretical, and correlation and predictive procedures. Add colorful little hearts to really get a good look at what viscosity is all about. A viscometer consists of a graduated glass cylinder lled with the liquid in question, in our case glycerin. The accuracy of measurements of viscosity of liquids. One of the c oauthors, professor viswanath, coauthored a book jointly with dr. A redwood viscometer is used to measure the flow of eight different liquids including engine oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, glycerol, thermic fluid hytherm, coconut oil, water and ghee.
The need for properties is ever increasing to make processes more economical. To quantify viscosity, we will imagine our bulk fluid as consisting of a number of very. The viscosity of a liquid can be measured using a viscometer. Viscosity can be not only a fluids resistance to flow but also a gas resistance to flow, change shape or movement. Some liquids seem thin, while others seem thick this property of liquids is called viscosity. Calculate the viscosity of the fluid using the following equation, where g is acceleration due to gravity 981 cms 2. To quantify viscosity, we will imagine our bulk fluid as. Viscosity 5 viscosity coefficients viscosity coefficients can be defined in two ways. The more viscous the fluid, the more sensitive it is to the temperature change. Viscosity occurs as a result of contact liquid layers with each other. For accuracy, have students repeat the experiment and calculate an.
Step 1 gather four clear glass jars and fill one with water, one with corn syrup, one with cooking oil and one with honey. Theory, estimation, experiment, and data this book is unique in that it brings together published viscosity data. For most liquids, including hydrogen bonded, weakly associated or unassociated, and polymeric liquids as well as liquid metals. A good survey of the viscosity data, its critical evaluation and correlation would help design engineers, scientists and. Theory, estimation, experiment, and data this book is unique in that it brings together published viscosity data, experimental methods, theoretical.
Ce 320a lab 1 lab experiment 1 viscosity of liquids objectives. The final experiment had possible errors due to the experimental setup. Weve done viscosity experiments before by letting the liquids flow down an inclined board. The opposite of viscosity is fluidity which measures the ease of flow while liquids such as motor oil or honey which are sluggish and high in viscosity are known as viscous. The air temperature can effect the results as liquids such as honey tend to harden when the air temperature is cooler which means the viscosity will be different. The viscosity of naturallyoccurring silicate magmas can span more than 15 orders of magnitude 10. For more accurate values of viscosity wall effect need to taken into account. Supplies needed 4 clear glass jars of the same size we used pint sized mason jars 4 marbles read more. Drop one marble at a time and observe what happens to the. To directly measure the viscosity and density of selected liquids. Viscosity races investigating the flow of liquids experiment how to test viscosity of liquids what you need ketchup, mustard, molasses, corn syrup, and spaghetti sauce, honey, bbq or.
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